File

Add file to staging area. If a directory is given, all files inside will be added.
git add <file|dir>

Confirm before staging any change. This can be used to stage a file partially.
git add -p

Unstage file - undo the action of staging.
git restore --staged <file>

Rename file, git will stage this action.
git mv <from> <to>

Delete file, git will stage the action of removing this file.
git rm <file>

Git will stop watching this file. File will be kept on disk.
git rm --cached <file>

Start interactive rebase from commit
Commit identifier can be beginning of hash or HEAD~3.
git rebase -i <commit>

Commit

Commit stage area to repo. Git will open default editor and wait for commit msg.
git commit

Commit with msg directly.
git commit -m <msg>

Add and commit all changed file.
git commit -a

Commit stage area. Amend last commit instead of creating new commit.
When no file changed, this can be used to edit commit msg.
git commit --amend

Create a revert commit
git revert <commit>

Undo last commit, leaving changed files in working directory
git reset --soft HEAD~1

Undo last commit, remove all changed files. CAUTION: you will lost some work!
git reset --hard HEAD~1
Note: reset and revert get tricky on merge commit

Branch

Show local branches.
git branch -v

Show remote branches.
git branch -vv

Switch to branch.
git checkout <branch>

Create new branch and switch to it.
git checkout -b <branch>

View

Show status of current working dir and staging area.
git status

Show commit history
git log

Config

View all config of git
git config --list

Edit global git config.
git config -e --global

Edit repo specific git config.
git config -e

Example:
set git user name
git config --global user.name "<name>"

Repo

Create new git repo at current directory
git init

Clone repo from remote
git clone <url>